NAVLIPI

All tone markers in NAVLIPI appear after the syllable they act upon.

E.g. the tone marker in Mandarin for the 3^rd tone (falling-rising) is written in NAVLIPI as  `´ , so the word for “you”, which uses this tone is written as nii`´ in NAVLIPI.

MANDARIN (Chinese-Simplified Transcription):  

• |  (1^st Mandarin tone, high and level.)
• ´ (2^nd  Mandarin tone,  rising.)
• `´ (3<sup>rd</sup>  Mandarin tone, falling-rising.) 
• `  (4^th   Mandarin tone, falling.)

CANTONESE

• |  (1^st Cantonese tone, level, high.)
• ´ (2^nd  Cantonese tone, rising, low-mid to high.)
•   (no tone mark) (3^rd  Cantonese tone, level, mid.) 
• `  (4^th   Cantonese  tone, falling, low-mid to low.)
•  ̉  (5^th   Cantonese  tone, rising, low to low-mid.)
• .  (6^th   Cantonese  tone, level, low-mid.)

VIETNAMESE

• (no tone mark) (1^stVietnamese tone, level, high.)
• ´ (2^nd  Vietnamese  tone,  rising, mid to high.)
• ` (3^rd  Vietnamese  tone, falling, low to lower.) 
• . (4^th   Vietnamese  tone, falling, low to very low, very short.)
• ~ (5^th   Vietnamese  tone, falling-rising, with break in between.)
•  ̉  6^th   Vietnamese  tone, falling-rising, low to lower to low.)

       (Note that this exactly follows the current Vietnamese transcription.)

THAI

•  ̉  (1^st Thai tone, slightly falling, mid to low.)
• (no tone mark)  (2^nd  Thai  tone,  level, mid.)
• ´  (3^rd Thai  tone, slightly rising, high to higher.) 
• `´ (4<sup>th</sup>   Thai  tone, falling-rising.)
• ´` (5^th   Thai  tone, rising-falling.)

YORUBA

• ` (1^st Yoruba tone, level, low.)
• (no tone mark) (2^nd Yoruba  tone,  level, mid.)
• ´ (3^rd  Yoruba  tone, level, high.) 

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